UFO theories
Many theories have been put forward to explain the UFO phenomenon. The list given here is by no means exhaustive, but it allows you to get an idea of the thirty most hotly debated hypotheses. Among the huge number of attempts to unravel the mystery, there may be the right answer — or, more precisely, the answers, since one solution is most likely not enough to explain the entire range of phenomena described as "UFOs". Perhaps the final answer has not yet been found, and it is possible that you will offer it.
Angels
Some people believe that UFOs and their crews are the highest form of life in relation to humans, which, however, lives on Earth. These creatures, which we normally do not see, sometimes declare their presence by coming into direct contact with people. Some even believe that these creatures are angels, characters of the main world religions. The traditions of numerous peoples of the world also tell about beings who "live in heaven" and look after their earthly lesser brothers. Perhaps we are no more aware of their presence than the inhabitants of the anthill — the world of people with whom they are forced to come into contact only from time to time. Perhaps it is presumptuous of us to believe that it is we who control the planet, since in fact we share it with entities whose nature is incomprehensible to us.
Atmospheric life forms
Some researchers consider UFOs not to be flying machines, but living creatures that literally inhabit our atmosphere, just as fish or whales inhabit the ocean. If this is true, then it is difficult to explain how our radars and probes did not detect their presence, although some strange lights are really visible on NASA film footage taken from Earth's orbit, quickly overcoming the boundary between the atmosphere and outer space. Their origin has not yet been established, and they are considered an unknown phenomenon that forms part of the Earth's atmospheric cover.
The extraterrestrial hypothesis
This hypothesis is often considered as the only possible one and attracts all the attention of the media, although in reality it is no more than one of the possible options. According to this hypothesis, UFOs are nothing but alien aircraft in which aliens visit the Earth. Various reasons for such visits are given — for example, studying people and taking DNA samples. Initially, it was believed that visitors come from the planets of our Solar System, in particular from Mars, but space exploration forced the abandonment of this version, and now it is believed that aliens surf the vast expanses of space, arriving from other star systems. And although science has proven that planets do exist around other stars, no life forms have been found anywhere yet, and the technology of interstellar flights is far beyond our capabilities. As the birthplace of beings who come into contact with eyewitnesses, some planet from another star system is most often indicated.
Modern technologies allow you to go into outer space. This fact strengthens our assumptions that aliens can come to us from other worlds using even more advanced space technology.
Hallucinations
It is known that the human brain often generates hallucinations, which can be either pathological (caused by a disease) or natural. All people, being on the border between sleep and wakefulness, experience hypnagogic hallucinations, although they very rarely remember them. It is claimed that UFO contacts are a consequence of altered states of consciousness provoked by some situation, such as stress or biochemical changes in the brain. In an altered state of consciousness, hallucinations take place, which are imprinted in the subconscious. Only vague memories remain of them, which, however, are able to break into consciousness again during nightmares or regression hypnosis.
Unusual psychic contact in the bedroom: aliens appeared to the contactee in a vision. According to one of the theories of the origin of UFOs, they are not material, but extrasensory in nature.
Airships (Blimps)
This was the very first theory of the origin of UFOs, spread in the late XIX — early XX century, when the UFO phenomenon appeared before the world in the guise of fantastic flying ships, ahead of the development of science by only a few years. There were rumors that a certain ingenious inventor had developed an aircraft that he regularly tested. In Boston, a man named Tillingast even showed up, who claimed that he was the inventor of this device, but the impostor soon disappeared. Since no airships of the described type have appeared after this incident, it is extremely unlikely that the answer to the riddle lies in this episode, but the theory of secret airships is alive to this day. Some ufologists believe that in those days airships were really secretly used for reconnaissance, which was the reason for reports of unusual objects. In 1989, an airship pilot appeared in the English city of Mansfield, who, like Tillingast, amused himself by passing off his device as a UFO. This pilot built a homemade airship in his yard and flew it at night with friends, decorating it with flashing spotlights to make it look more like a spaceship. One prankster staged an April Fool's prank and paralyzed traffic on the motorway by landing a decorated airship on it with a mannequin in a silver spacesuit sitting in it!
Other dimensions
We know three dimensions: length, width and height, but physicists, trying to understand the universe, admit the existence of other dimensions that are incomprehensible to ordinary consciousness. Moreover, it is hypothesized that some creatures may live in these dimensions. In the consciousness of a two-dimensional being, unable to perceive thickness, your hand, breaking through the thin paper film on which this creature lives, gives the impression of something supernatural. The hand will appear before his eyes suddenly and as if from nowhere, will begin to grow in size, damage the paper, and then begin to shrink again and completely disappear, leaving no trace of its physical reality in the two-dimensional space of the observer. If there really are other dimensions and the creatures living in them can move through our world, we may well perceive their travels as a miraculous phenomenon, which is akin to contacts with UFOs.
Environmental pollution
It has been hypothesized that an increase in the level of microwave energy and other types of electromagnetic radiation saturating the planet's atmosphere these days can provoke chemical changes in the brain, which can give rise to supernatural hallucinations in some people.
Earth Lights
It is known that rock layers and crystals, when under pressure, produce electrical signals. Laboratory experiments, during which the crushing of the stone was removed by rapid, show that small and short-term, but visible to the eye flashes hovering around the split rock are formed. According to this theory, much larger and more stable lights can form in special zones with appropriate geological conditions. They can ionize the atmosphere, move through magnetic fields and be perceived as UFOs.
Dramatizations
It is firmly established that at least part of UFO sightings and contacts with aliens are staged for a variety of purposes. Some forgers seek to get rich, others — to become famous as having experienced an unusual experience, and others — just to enjoy the fact that they managed to innocently prank so many people. Often the falsification begins as a simple joke that gets out of control. Others take it too seriously, and the joker can no longer admit everything without exposing himself or other people who believed his stories to ridicule. Despite the widespread falsifications, they can be exposed in no more than 1% of cases.
Imaginative personalities
Psychological studies conducted since 1989 show that some people, who make up an insignificant percentage of the entire population, have such vivid fantasies and dreams that it is difficult for them to distinguish them from reality. Such people, called imaginative personalities, often have an eidetic memory that stores imaginative memories of even the earliest childhood. These people, who have such a rich visual imagination, differ more and more from others as they grow up; often they cannot draw a clear line between reality and fiction, which other children easily do. They experience so-called psychic experiences and claim to see ghosts, brownies or aliens.
Mirages
Optical effects in the atmosphere can cause mirages similar to what people see in the desert, when an oasis suddenly appears among the sands, disappearing as they approach. The impression of water on sand arises due to the distortion of light rays and changes in the refractive properties of air when heated. In the sky, especially in summer, a similar phenomenon may occur as a result of distortion of the light of stars or lights of buildings located on the ground. Some UFO sightings are indeed due to this effect, although there is no reason to consider the appearance of mirages a frequent phenomenon.
Mythology
In ancient times, myths and legends spread around the world and were passed down from generation to generation. And although people often made up tall tales to impress or achieve the desired effect (for example, they did not tell children to go to the forest because a terrible monster lives there), most folklorists agree that many myths have at least some basis in the form of a real event or collective memory. Since then, the world has changed, and today stories spread around the world almost instantly with the help of television, the Internet and other media. But has this changed the complex nature of the relationship between fact and fiction, which still generates legends and mythology? Is it possible that the desire to go beyond the boundaries of our planet and find new life in the universe gives rise to the mythology of the space age?
Narcolepsy
Some people suffer from a strange disease that causes them to periodically lose consciousness and briefly "fall asleep" at any time of the day, which can be caused by various stimuli, such as a flash of light. After a while, the narcoleptic wakes up and continues his studies without even realizing that he was asleep. It is believed that under the influence of bright light, narcoleptics are able to fall asleep, see memorable dreams and, quite possibly, experience the experience of encountering UFOs and close contact with aliens in a dream. Then the narcoleptic wakes up, discovers a gap in time and often assumes that he has been communicating with aliens all this time. In some cases, psychologists, when examining eyewitnesses of close contacts, really managed to detect signs of narcolepsy.
Nazi technology
It is known that Nazi Germany was developing an amazing secret weapon in the last years of the Second World War. The FAU rockets that bombed London in 1944-1945, a decade later formed the basis of spacecraft created by the efforts of German scientists who participated in American programs to create combat missiles, and later in space programs. There is evidence that in February 1945, a disc-shaped aircraft was tested at a German military training ground in the Harz Mountains. According to official data, it was subsequently destroyed so that after the end of the war it would not fall into the hands of the enemy. However, this theory claims that the defected Nazis continued these studies, possibly in the Arctic, and that their work explains the waves of flying saucers that swept the United States and Scandinavia shortly after the end of the war.
The experience of leaving the body
This is one of the most common mental phenomena in which a person feels as if he is floating or floating outside of his physical self.
Such an experience occurs after taking certain medications, as well as during sleep (such dreams are familiar to every second inhabitant of the planet). Eyewitnesses of close contacts talk about the feeling of floating and even that they see their body from above, as it happens in the state of leaving the body. There is a hypothesis that contacts with UFOs take place precisely in this state, when consciousness visualizes information received from a distant source — perhaps even from another civilization — through a process that researchers of the phenomenon of leaving the body call "distant vision". It is known that people who have experienced such an experience report their mental journeys to remote and hidden places and transmit information about them, which is confirmed by observations from spy satellites. If this is possible in relation to inaccessible regions of the Earth, then could this ability extend to other planets as well?
An experience bordering on death
Modern medicine manages to snatch many people from the embrace of death, who until recently would have been considered doomed. Most of these patients, upon returning to life, tell amazing stories about the events they experienced in an altered state of consciousness. They remember floating freely outside their bodies, seeing bright lights, entering strange worlds and communicating with intelligent beings who returned them back to their bodies. As a rule, these episodes are interpreted as trips to Paradise, and yet the parallels with the stories of abductions have a deeper nature. Apparently, these two phenomena are closely related, although they receive different explanations from eyewitnesses and researchers.
Some believe that we are dealing with the same phenomenon. But does this mean that at least one of these hypotheses — either the alien theory or the theory of borderline experience — corresponds to reality? Is there no other explanation for all such cases, to which both these theories would give way? Or maybe these are just different forms of hallucinations caused by changes in the biochemistry of the brain in moments of extreme stress, similar to each other, since the shock caused by the thought of meeting aliens is similar to the shock experienced when receiving a physical injury or in the face of death?
Perception errors
The vast majority (up to 95%) of UFO sightings are the result of distorted perception of ordinary objects, such as airplanes or stars. As time passes, some of the seemingly unsolvable cases receive a completely banal explanation. There is a widespread point of view among skeptics that all UFO sightings can potentially be considered as perceptual errors; any unexplained cases are actually solvable, we just don't have enough information for this. Nevertheless, statistical studies of many thousands of cases carried out by American and French scientists show that the explained incidents have qualitative differences from the unexplained ones.
Plasma vortices
The physical energy that caused phenomena that were mistaken for UFOs, and was recorded using spectrometers and other equipment installed in special zones, often turned out to be a kind of plasma. Physicists believe that winds such as tornadoes or tornadoes can generate electric vortices that lead to the formation of plasma in the surrounding atmosphere. These plasma vortices can take the form of dark ovals during the day or luminous ones at night. They also generate powerful electric fields, as reported by eyewitnesses.
Laboratory experiments were conducted in Japan, during which artificial plasma vortices with the expected properties were obtained; in addition, traces of their presence were found in underground railway tunnels, where both air vortices and electric fields take place.
Underwater civilizations
Two-thirds of the earth's surface is covered with water. We know less about the ocean depths than we do about the Solar System. In many cases, UFOs appeared from under the water. All this may mean that UFOs belong to a race of beings living in the depths of the oceans, the existence of which we practically do not suspect, except in cases when they themselves want to come into contact with us.
Psychotropic weapons
Neuropsychological studies show that the human brain is susceptible to high-frequency fields, with the help of which the subject can be introduced into an altered state of consciousness and provoke hallucinations. This theory says that the military is conducting experiments to create weapons based on these effects that direct energy rays towards the enemy. Maybe people who have been subjected to an energy attack see bright lights and experience hallucinations, and the influence of modern culture makes them believe that they were attacked by aliens? The panic caused by these experiences makes psychotropic weapons effective. If such a weapon really exists, has it not been tested on civilians and are reports of contacts with aliens explained by its impact?
Time travel
If UFOs are controlled by pilots of unknown origin, then the humanoid appearance and behavior of these creatures contradict the extraterrestrial hypothesis. It begs the question, isn't their interest in us and concern for our DNA just the consequences of an obvious fact — in the face of aliens, we are really dealing with people? In addition, their devices often appear and disappear instantly, and do not soar into the air like rockets, in addition, time distortions are noted with enviable constancy in their presence.
The theory of time travel brings all these considerations together, leading us to the conclusion that UFOs are not alien—controlled aircraft, but time machines piloted by people from our own future. If time travel becomes possible at some stage of human development, then such machines should move not only in time, but also in space (rising into the air, and not staying on the ground), since these concepts are closely intertwined. In addition, we inevitably have to notice travelers who move from our future to our past. These arguments lead us to the conclusion that if we do not find evidence around us that time travelers are flying past us, then time travel is impossible in principle. If they ever become possible, then we should still welcome visitors from the future today. Are they traveling in UFOs?
Birth trauma
All the inhabitants of the Earth are united by a common experience — the act of being born. It is believed that the memory of this moment is hidden in the depths of our subconscious. We remember how we are suddenly pulled out of the darkness into a world flooded with light, where strange creatures study and touch us. These images are akin to stories about aliens who allegedly abducted people, dragged them into brightly lit rooms and subjected them to medical examination. According to this theory, in moments of stress, these memories are replayed again in our consciousness, becoming material for our imagination.
Psychologists suggested comparing whether the memories of abduction are the same for those who were born by caesarean section and those who were born during natural childbirth. No differences could be found. In a broader sense, this hypothesis states that the memories of the abduction may be echoes of a surgical operation performed in childhood, which in many ways correlate with stories about alien contacts. There is some unconfirmed evidence in favor of this version, received from those abducted who underwent surgery in childhood, but this connection has not been properly verified.
Secret aircraft
Aviation technologies are developing rapidly. During the development period, which can last up to several years, high-tech aircraft, especially military ones, are kept in the strictest secrecy. This is evidenced by the history of the creation of the first samples of fighters using the "stele" technology. It is assumed that UFOs may be secret aircraft still under development and possibly created on the basis of fundamentally new propulsion systems, for example, nuclear energy or microwave pulses. In the past, some similar projects failed, and the results of other developments are used today by peaceful inhabitants; the same awaits us in the future. However, it is advantageous for the military to take these devices for UFOs during the testing period, which makes it possible to fly over civilian territories without the risk of information leakage. If this is the case, it is possible that the mistaken assumption of such objects for UFOs is provoked intentionally.
False memory syndrome
Hypnosis studies have shown that memories are not recorded in our memory as on tape. They are subject to change in accordance with a variety of circumstances. If you believe strongly enough in a completely false memory, you can embed it into your consciousness. A person can successfully pass a lie detector test, which will confirm his absolute conviction in the truthfulness of his own words, even if it is just an extremely bright dream. In this sense, reports of abductions, especially those that pop up under hypnosis, can also be based on false memories that have been imprinted as real events under the influence of personal desires, suggestions from a therapist or pressure from ufologists.
Waking dreams
Psychologists have discovered the phenomenon of so-called "lucid dreams", during which people are clearly aware that they are in a state of sleep and can influence their environment. Thanks to this, they experience an experience that dreamers compare to magic. In a lucid dream, people can fly, walk through walls and live in such a vivid imaginary world that it seems to them to be a reality, although they are aware that it is a dream. Approximately the same percentage of people who see lucid dreams regularly come into close contact with aliens and UFOs. Psychological portraits of these groups have many common features, including a rich creative imagination and an eidetic (almost photographic) memory. According to this theory, such people are able to experience lucid dreams in reality, in which a process occurs that is the reverse of lucid dreams in a dream. Their rich imagination seizes control of waking reality and changes it, just as a dreamer shapes the world of his dreams. As a result, there are what are considered to be paranormal phenomena. Thus, a seemingly impossible world of UFOs and aliens can be created, controlling the reality of an individual, but devoid of the tangible reality that other people who are next to an eyewitness could perceive, unless they themselves can experience a lucid dream in reality.
Hollow Earth Theory
This theory, which originated in the 1960s and was promoted by the books of Lord Clancarty (who wrote under the pseudonym Brinsley le Poer Trench), owes its appearance to the first satellite photographs of the Earth, which show something like a huge hole in the polar region of the globe. There was an idea that a UFO is piloted by a secret terrestrial race living in the bowels of the Earth, whose representatives appear and disappear through its poles. Unfortunately, geologists have proved that the Earth has no voids, but the impression of a hole (into which Greenland could fall!) it arose for purely technical reasons due to the use of mosaic optical systems when taking photographs.
Transients
Neuropsychologist Dr. Michael Perzinger has put forward a theory about invisible floating clouds of electromagnetic energy that can form in the atmosphere due to natural processes occurring in the Earth's biosphere. Perzinger argues that such fields should have an effect on the temporal lobes of the human brain. Parallels between contacts with UFOs and temporal lobe epilepsy, during which attacks patients note a condition resembling the "Oz factor", a feeling of unreality of what is happening ("like in a dream") and hallucinations, also suggests that contacts with aliens and stimulation of the temporal lobes in the presence of transients should have approximately the same effect on eyewitnesses.
Tulps
According to ancient occult traditions, especially Eastern ones, thought is able to form physical matter and for a short time bring to life "energy beings" called "tulpa". This idea had the character of firmly rooted cultural beliefs, embodied in reality thanks to mentally gifted individuals. Being created, such a being acquired an independent and real existence. Experiments with telekinesis confirm that a sufficiently strong belief can become a pseudo-reality. Physics has also established that matter and energy are mutually reversible.
According to quantum mechanics, human consciousness plays a crucial role in determining the nature of perceived reality: we do not just observe, but correct and form what we call the real world. Taken together, these ideas suggest the possibility that the strongest belief in the existence of UFOs and aliens, inherent in modern culture, in the minds of mentally gifted individuals like abduction survivors, can generate temporary thought forms from the ether around us.
The Federal hypothesis
According to this point of view, the UFO phenomenon is nothing more than a fabrication and even the product of a government conspiracy, which consisted not in hiding contacts with aliens, but, on the contrary, in staging them. Intelligence agencies, by creating fake documents hinting at secret groups and launching UFO-like flying machines, artificially support the theory of alien visits, which is even more actively promoted by the UFO community, prone to sensationalism and unaware that it is being used as puppets.
The purpose of such falsification is considered to be the desire either to disguise secret experiments (in particular, brainwashing or sociological conditioning), or to justify an arms race, creating the illusion of an "alien" enemy that needs to be kept under control.
Ball lightning
This rare natural phenomenon can appear in the sky quite suddenly, float in the air, emit light and energy, and then disappear. Ball lightning is a type of plasma; although scientists rejected this concept until recently, today it is considered generally accepted. However, the origin of this plasma remains a mystery. The hypothesis put forward by some scientists that there is a higher form of ball lightning unknown to science — a large and highly mobile accumulation of energy capable of causing large-scale physical effects is quite noteworthy.
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